<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><head></head><div class="AppleOriginalContents"><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><div></div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">We are pleased to invite you to the <b>IOSARN Annual Lecture</b>, kindly given by </span></font></span><b><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Professor Clare Anderson from Leicester University in the UK</span></font></span></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">:</span></font></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><br></span></font></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;">South Asian networks of convict transportation in the Indian Ocean</span></font></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><div><strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">DATE: 27th October 2011</span></font></span></strong></div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><div><strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">TIME: 12:30 to 2:30PM</span></font></span></strong></div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><div><strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">VENUE: UTS Building 10 (235 Jones St, Ultimo), Level 14, Room 201</span></font></span></strong></div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><div><strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">RSVP: <a href="mailto:Cornelia.Betzler@uts.edu.au">Cornelia.Betzler@uts.edu.au</a></span></font></span></strong></div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><p style="text-align:justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Abstract</span></font></span></strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><br></span></font></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
In this paper I will explore South Asian networks of convict
transportation in the British colonial Indian Ocean. From the end of the
eighteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries, over 100,000 Indian convicts
were shipped overseas, to penal settlements and colonies across
Southeast Asia, Mauritius and Aden. These convicts came from all over
South Asia; most were men, and most were transported for life. Colonial
convict flows worked in other directions too. The Indian mainland
received convicts from Malaya and Burma. And, during the first half of
the nineteenth century, Mauritius transported African slaves and
ex-slaves – and Indian settlers and indentured labourers – to the
Australian penal colonies.</span></font></span></p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Transportation had enormous symbolic
appeal to the Indian authorities, for they believed that ‘Hindus’
greatly feared the prospect of a voyage across the </span></font></span><em><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">kala pani</span></font></span></em><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">,
or black water. It was a boon to the Indian treasury as well, for it
emptied jails. But most significant of all was the relationship between
penal transportation and the political economy of colonial expansion.
Colonial officials saw great public advantage in the use of a near
continuous supply of convict labour to build roads, bridges, and basic
infrastructure. And, in the Australian colonies, convict work practices
became racialised in interesting ways.</span></font></span></p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">My paper will open with a presentation of
some of my ethnographic work with convict descendants in the Andaman
Islands. I will use it as a way into an exploration of some of the
economic, social and cultural features of Indian convict transportation.
I will argue that penal settlements and colonies were part of a broader
colonial repertoire that in South Asia included repressive practices of
confinement, prison work, forced labour, indentured migration, and
indigenous reservation and resettlement. I will explore the circulation
of people, knowledge and practices around the Indian Ocean. I will show
that South Asia and Australia were networked in significant ways. And,
finally, I will square up to the many silences that pervade the
historiography of Indian convict labour; considering how it is that such
an extensive system of forced labour stemming from South Asia is almost
entirely absent from larger imperial, world and global histories.</span></font></span></p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><p style="text-align:justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Biography</span></font></span></strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><br></span></font></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
Clare Anderson is Professor of History in the School of Historical
Studies, University of Leicester, UK. Her research focuses on the
histories and legacies of penal transportation, with her published work
including: </span></font></span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Convicts in the Indian Ocean</span></font></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"> (Macmillan, 2000); </span></font></span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Legible Bodies</span></font></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"> (Berg, 2004); </span></font></span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">The Indian Uprising of 1857-8</span></font></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"> (Anthem, 2007); and </span></font></span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Subaltern Lives</span></font></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
(CUP, 2012). She has held personal research fellowships from the ESRC
and National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, and is currently principal
investigator of the interdisciplinary ESRC funded UK/ India
collaboration ‘integrated histories of the Andaman Islands.’ She has
served on the executive committee of the British Association of South
Asian Studies, and was recently elected to the British Academy South
Asia panel. In January 2011, she was appointed editor of the </span></font></span><em><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History</span></font></span></em><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">.</span></font></span></p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">
</span></font></span><p style="text-align:justify;"><a href="http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/historical/people/canderson/profile"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/historical/people/canderson/profile</span></font></span></a></p><div style="text-align: justify; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Cornelia Betzler<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Transforming Cultures Research Centre<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Project Officer Indian Ocean & South Asia Research Network<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences <o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">University of Technology, Sydney | PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007 | Australia<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Ph.: +61 2 9514 2768<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium; "><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><a href="http://www.tfc.uts.edu.au/" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">www.tfc.uts.edu.au</a><o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><a href="http://www.tfc.uts.edu.au/" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">www.iosarn.com</a> </span></div></div></div><div><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div></div>
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